en fish disease fish disease پژوهشي Orginal research papers <span lang="TR" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="background:white"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">Multidrug-resistant <i>Salmonella</i> can infect fish if reared in contaminated water or through manure in ponds that stimulate planktonic biomass. If the fish are not properly cooked, they can become a public health threat. Prior studies have reported the contamination of <i>Salmonella</i> in aquaculture </span></span></span></span><span lang="TR" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">products from marketplaces, however, <span style="background:white">our study determined the contamination of multidrug resistance <i>Salmonella</i> spp. through antimicrobial susceptibility in three fish (</span><i>Labeo rohita</i>, <i>Oreochromis niloticus</i>, <i>Cyprinus carpio</i><span style="background:white">) from two retail markets in Lahore, Pakistan. </span></span></span></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">A cross-sectional study was designed from June 2022 to August 2022 in two major fish markets in Lahore. </span></span></span><span lang="TR" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="background:white"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">Among 200 samples (</span></span></span></span><i><span lang="TR" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">L. rohita </span></span></span></i><span lang="TR" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">n= 80, <i>O. niloticus </i>n= 60, <i>C. carpio </i>n= 60), 16% were positive for <i>Salmonella</i> spp. with 3.12% of the<i> </i>isolates were resistant to 10 antibiotics, while 100% being resistant to at least two or more antibiotics. We detected high resistance to streptomycin (100%) and oxytetracycline (96.9%). Doxycycline and kanamycin followed a high resistance trend as well (87.5%). Moreover, lincomycin and trimethoprim (84.45%) resistance were also high in the <i>Salmonella</i> isolates. However,</span></span></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> the lowest resistance was found against azithromycin (50%) and amoxicillin (40.6%).</span></span></span><span lang="TR" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> In addition, 100% of the <i>Salmonella</i> spp. isolates were multidrug resistant with seven different resistance patterns. Our study highlights the need to continuously monitor pathogens and restrict unnecessary drug use in aquaculture practices.</span></span></span> Antimicrobials, Carp, Seafood, Multidrug resistance, Public Health, Salmonella, Water 665 677 http://jifro.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-5144-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 M. Fatima Mustabshera08@gmail.com 100319475328460056780 100319475328460056780 No University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences S. Sadiq shakera.sadiq@uvas.edu.pk 100319475328460056781 100319475328460056781 Yes University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences N. Hudda noorul.hudda@uvas.edu.pk 100319475328460056782 100319475328460056782 No University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences M. Chaudhry mamoona.chaudhry@uvas.edu.pk 100319475328460056783 100319475328460056783 No University of Veterinary and Animal Science R. Tanvir rabia.tanvir@uvas.edu.pk 100319475328460056784 100319475328460056784 No University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences H. Mushtaq hassan.mushtaq@uvas.edu.pk 100319475328460056785 100319475328460056785 No University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences