RT - Journal Article T1 - In vitro effects of kraft liquor on testicular cells and sperm motility of Caspian kutum (Rutilus frisii kutum) JF - IFRO YR - 2014 JO - IFRO VO - 13 IS - 4 UR - http://jifro.ir/article-1-1785-en.html SP - 918 EP - 930 K1 - Kutum K1 - Testis K1 - Kraft liquor K1 - Caspian Sea K1 - Spermatogenesis. AB - To identify Kraft liquor effects on spermatogenesis and sperm motility of Caspian kutums by using in vitro culture, the fish testis was incubated with 5, 10 and 15 % (V/V) of liquor for 3 and 6 days. The percentage of motile spermatozoa and its total duration were also measured. Adverse effects on testicular cells were more apparent with the increase of liquor concentrations. The mean size of spermatogonia and spermatocytes decreased significantly (p LA eng UL http://jifro.ir/article-1-1785-en.html M3 ER -