@article{ author = {Alavi, S.M.H. and MojaziAmiri, B. and Cosson, J. and Karami, M. and Abdoulhay, H.H. and Pourkazemi, M. and Akhoundzadeh, M.A.}, title = {Determination of some seminal plasma indices, sperm density and sperm motility in the Persian sturgeon Acipenser persicus}, abstract ={Some biological aspects of semen were investigated in the Persian sturgeon, Acipenser persicus, by determination of seminal plasma indices (ionic composition and osmolality), sperm density and their relationships with sperm motility. The osmolality of seminal plasma ranged from 42.00 to 111.00 mOsmol Kg-1. The concentrations of Sodium (Na+), Potassium (K+), Chloride (Cl-), Calcium (Ca2+) and Magnesium (Mg2+) ions were 62.44±6.82, 6.92±0.88, 21.11±5.41, 0.79± 0.03 and 0.52±0.03mM L-1, respectively. The sperm density was 8.34±1.38×109 spz/ml.  The Sodium/Potassium and Calcium/Potassium ratios were 9.02 and 0.13, respectively. The following significant positive correlations were found between seminal plasma indices; osmolality - Cl- (r2= 0.492, P<0.05), osmolality - Na+ (r2= 0.905, P<0.001) and Na+ - Cl- (r2= 0.584, P<0.05). There were also no significant correlations between ionic composition and osmolality of the seminal plasma and sperm motility (P>0.05).  No relationship was observed between sperm density and its motility at the concentrations tested (r2= 0.015, P>0.05). The ionic composition and osmolality of seminal plasma reveals an inter-species specific as well high secretory activity of sperm duct. The clear differences observed in A. persicus should be considered when cryopreservation methods for sperm are developed in Acipenseridae species. }, Keywords = {Acipenser persicus, Ionic content, Osmolality, Seminal, Plasma, Sperm density, Sperm motility}, volume = {5}, Number = {2}, pages = {1-18}, publisher = {Iranian Fisheries Research Organization}, url = {http://jifro.ir/article-1-3117-en.html}, eprint = {http://jifro.ir/article-1-3117-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences}, issn = {1562-2916}, eissn = {}, year = {2006} } @article{ author = {AminiRajbar, Gh. and Shariat, F.}, title = {Trace metals (Cu, Cd, Zn, and Pb) in the liver and the kidney of Acipenser persicus with relation to their concentrations in the surficial sediment of the west coast of the southern Caspian Sea}, abstract ={This study was carried out to find any relative concentrations of the trace metals (Cu, Cd, Zn and Pb) in the liver and the kidney of Acipenser persicus and in the surficial sediments of the west coast of The Southern Caspian Sea. Twenty five samples of the Acipenser persicus (Persian sturgeon) and ten samples of the sediments were taken from five fishing stations in autumn 2001. The tissues were digested by wet method and the sediments were digested by dry method. Every digested sample was separately analysed by AAS (Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy). Recovery, mean, ANOVA, correlation coefficient and hierarchical cluster analysis were calculated. It was concluded that the concentrations of the studied trace metals (Cu, Cd, Zn and Pb) were at the standard level and there was a positive correlation coefficient between the kidney and the liver in the concentrations of Cd and Pb.}, Keywords = {Acipenser persicus, Persian sturgeon, Trace metals, Southern Caspian Sea, Iran}, volume = {5}, Number = {2}, pages = {19-40}, publisher = {Iranian Fisheries Research Organization}, url = {http://jifro.ir/article-1-3118-en.html}, eprint = {http://jifro.ir/article-1-3118-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences}, issn = {1562-2916}, eissn = {}, year = {2006} } @article{ author = {KhazraeeNia, S. and Soltani, M. and Sepehri, H. and Yahyazaeh, M.Y.}, title = {Study of prophenoloxidase activating system of freshwater crayfish (Pontastacus leptodactylus)}, abstract ={Phenoloxidase (Po) activity was measusred spectrophotometrically in serum, plasma and haemocytes (HLS) of the freshwater crayfish (Pontastacus leptodactylus). The highest activity was found in HLS suggesting that the haemocytes are the major source of the Po or its proform prophenoloxidase (proPO) in crayfish. Furthermore, the enzyme activity in serum samples was reduced after freezing the samples for 20 days at -20˚C. Po activity was cation-dependent and the peak of enzyme activity obtained using 5mM of CaCl2 or MgCl2 .Also, the Po activity in the HLS samples treated with different elicitors of 10% sodium dodecyl sulphate (10%SDS), b 1-3-glucan, Aeromonas hydrophila lipopolysaccharids (LPS) and trypsin resulted in variable activities with the highest and the lowest activities measured in samples treated with trypsin and 10% SDS, respectively. The marked enhancement induced by trypsin suggests the role of an endogenous proteinase which is probably able to promote the enzyme activity. To confirm the role of the proteinase on the proPO activating system, trypsin activity was also measured in the crayfish HLS.}, Keywords = {Crayfish, Pontastacus leptodactylus, Phenoloxidase system, haemocytes protoinase, Trypsin, Lipopolysaccharids, Glucan }, volume = {5}, Number = {2}, pages = {41-52}, publisher = {Iranian Fisheries Research Organization}, url = {http://jifro.ir/article-1-3119-en.html}, eprint = {http://jifro.ir/article-1-3119-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences}, issn = {1562-2916}, eissn = {}, year = {2006} } @article{ author = {KhoshbaverRostami, H.A. and Soltani, M. and Hassan, M.D.}, title = {Some Hematological and biochemical changes in blood serum of Beluga (Huso huso) after chronic exposure to diazinon}, abstract ={Hematological and biochemical changes were studied in beluga (Huso huso) weighing 450±50g in the presence of  b,1-3, D-glucan as a single intraperitoneal injection (0.3mg/kg body weight) once, and thereafter a chronic exposure to organophosphate, diazinon at concentration of 1.5 mg/L as a continuous bath for 63 days at 22±1ºC. Results of erythrocyte profile in fish treated with glucan, but without diazinon, generally showed significant higher values of RBC (P<0.05) compare to fish treated with glucan plus diazinon bath, while there was no significant difference (P>0.05) in the values of HCT, Hb, MCH and MCHC between the two groups. Also, fish treated with glucan, but without diazinon bath, showed significant higher values of RBC than that untreated fish up to 3 weeks post-treatment (P<0.05), while no significant differences was found in other erythrocytic indices between these two groups (P>0.05). Furthermore, fish treated with diazinon showed higher levels of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) than other three groups for 14-28 days post-treatment and then they decreased to the lower level for the rest of experiment. Also, fish treated with glucan-diazinon showed insignificant higher levels of these enzymes up to 21 days post-exposure compare to fish treated with glucan but without diazinon bath (P>0.05). However, such levels reduced to a lower level in this group for the rest of experiment (P>0.05). Also, fish treated with glucan-diazinon showed generally lower  and higher levels of total protein and glucose concentrations in blood plasma, respectively  compared to fish treated with glucan but without diazinon bath (P<0.05). }, Keywords = {Huso huso, Diazinon, Glucan, Hematology, Biochemistry}, volume = {5}, Number = {2}, pages = {53-66}, publisher = {Iranian Fisheries Research Organization}, url = {http://jifro.ir/article-1-3120-en.html}, eprint = {http://jifro.ir/article-1-3120-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences}, issn = {1562-2916}, eissn = {}, year = {2006} } @article{ author = {Pourgholam, R. and Soltani, M. and Hassan, M.D. and Ghoroghi, A. and Nahavandi, R. and Pourgholam, H.}, title = {Determination of diazinon LC50 in grass carp (Cetenopharyngodon idella) and the effect of sublethal concentration of toxin on some hematological and biochemical indices}, abstract ={Toxicity of the organophosphate, diazinon was studied in grass carp (Cetenopharyngodon idella) weighing 5±1.0g, under static water quality condition at 16°C. Also, some hematological and biochemical variables of fish weighing 50±5.0g were studied 12 hours post-exposing fish to the toxicant at sublethal concentration of 5.6mg/L at 16°C. Values of 18.19, 17.21, 16.68, and 15.13mg/L, were obtained as LC50 after 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours post-exposing fish to the toxicant, respectively. Levels of red blood cells (RBC), hematocrit (PCV), hemoglobin (Hb), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), leukocyte count (WBC), lymphocyte and monocyte were significantly lower in the exposed fish than control fish (p<0.05), whilst values of polymorphonuclear cells (PMN) and myelocytes counts were higher in the test group (p<0.05). In addition, the levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were significantly lower in fish exposed to the toxicant (p<0.05), while the level of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) was higher in experimental fish (p<0.05) than control fish. The levels of glucose and triglyceride were higher in fish exposed to toxicant than control fish. However, such differences were only significant for glucose level (p<0.05). In contrast, the levels of total protein and cholesterol decreased insignificantly in fish exposed to the toxicant compared to those in control fish (p>0.05). The obtained results show that although diazinon can be classified as a slight toxic chemical for grass carp, the toxicant negatively affects some immunophysiological functions of the fish including immunocompent cells.}, Keywords = {Diazinon, Hematology, Grass carp, Acute toxicity and LC50}, volume = {5}, Number = {2}, pages = {67-82}, publisher = {Iranian Fisheries Research Organization}, url = {http://jifro.ir/article-1-3121-en.html}, eprint = {http://jifro.ir/article-1-3121-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences}, issn = {1562-2916}, eissn = {}, year = {2006} } @article{ author = {Salehi, H.}, title = {An Analysis of the consumer market for carp and carp products in Iran}, abstract ={In Iran, carp is widely sold and used in its fresh, although a range of added value products may also be observed. The common carp and the three Chinese species are often reared in polyculture ponds. Since, the 1970S carp farming has spread along the Caspian Sea coasts, followed by other provinces, and farmed production reached a peak in 2004 with production of more than 60,000 tonnes. Rapid expansion of carp cultivation has been followed by marketing problems in recent years. Consumer and market-related data to develop effective marketing strategies are essential to the growth of the carp farming industry in Iran. A questionnaire was prepared concerning personal information of re-spondents and their preferences for carp consumption. A face to face interview was carried out with 357 individuals randomly selected in Tehran province. Due to the comparatively small sample size of interviews, to obtain qualitative data, complementary study was also conducted using an unstructured questionnaire. Results showed younger group preferred ready meal and demanded for a variety of products. It was found, to increase carp consumption a rise in income and decline in price of carp products will affect older groups, larger family size and educated people. The study also showed a significant difference between locations and consumption behaviour (which related to socioeconomic, different aspects such as income, educational level, job and family status) this difference may be expected to affect seasonality of consumption. It seems increases a variety of product in markets, a rise in income and price decline may increase all year round fish consumption. }, Keywords = {Culture carp, Production, Consumer, Market strategy, Iran }, volume = {5}, Number = {2}, pages = {83-110}, publisher = {Iranian Fisheries Research Organization}, url = {http://jifro.ir/article-1-3122-en.html}, eprint = {http://jifro.ir/article-1-3122-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences}, issn = {1562-2916}, eissn = {}, year = {2006} } @article{ author = {Sharifpour, I. and Pourgholam, R. and Soltani, M. and Hassan, M.D. and Akbari, S. and Nouri, A.}, title = {Light and electron microscope of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) organs following exposure to various sublethal concentrations of diazinon}, abstract ={Histopathological effects of different sublethal concentrations (1, 2 and 4 mg/l) of diazinon, an organophosphorus pesticide, on gill, liver, spleen and kidney of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) were studied after 1, 7, 15, 30 and 45 days post-exposing fishes weighting 850 ± 155 g to the toxicant for 12 hours at 18-22ºC. In addition, tissues of nostril were examined for transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Results of light microscopic examinations of tissues showed that toxicant was causing severe histopathological effects such as congestion of blood vessels, haemorrhage, cellular infiltration, pyknosis of cells nuclei, vacuolar degeneration and general necrosis in the kidney, spleen and liver. There were also degenerative changes of interstitial tissue and detachment of tubular basement membrane in kidney observed. Hyperplasia and fusion of secondary lamellae, separation and sloughing of epithelium from the underlying basement membrane were also observed in gill sections. transmission electron microscopy (TEM) examination of nostril revealed, damages of epithelial cells (vacuolated club cells and abnormality in cells' nuclei). scanning electron microscopy (SEM) examination of nostril showed a reduction in excretion of amorphous proteinous materials, reduction in vesicle numbers on the cell surface and also closing of cell surface canals.}, Keywords = {Grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella), Diazinon, Histopathology, TEM, SEM }, volume = {5}, Number = {2}, pages = {111-136}, publisher = {Iranian Fisheries Research Organization}, url = {http://jifro.ir/article-1-3123-en.html}, eprint = {http://jifro.ir/article-1-3123-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences}, issn = {1562-2916}, eissn = {}, year = {2006} } @article{ author = {Ahmadi, M.R. and Safi, Sh. and Bjerkeng, B. and Gerami, A. and RanaiiSiadat, S.O. and Khodarahmi, R.}, title = {Caspian Sea gamarus (Pontogammarus maeoticus) as a carotenoid source for muscle pigmentation of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)}, abstract ={The red coloration of rainbow trout muscle is an important quality criterion. Duplicate groups of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss; initial weight of 200±10g) were fed diets either supplemented 0 (control), 0.5, 2, or 4%, of the Caspian Sea gammarus (Pontogammarus maeoticus) respectively as a prospective alternative carotenoid source. The feeding trial lasted for 39 days. No significant differences (p>0.05) in specific growth rate (SGR), or condition factor (CF) were found between treatments. Carotenoid concentrations were determined in the dorsal region and the Norwegian Quality Cut (NQC). The correlation between mean total carotenoid content of the Norwegian quality cut per treatment and dietary inclusion level of P. maeoticus was high (R2=0.99; p<0.01). Less correlation was found between total carotenoid content of the dorsal cut and inclusion level of P. maeoticus (R2=0.80; P=0.10). The total carotenoid concentrations were significantly higher (p<0.05) in male (4.26±0.39 mg/kg) than in female (3.38±0.23 mg/kg) rainbow trout. In conclusion, it was found that dietary supplementation of the Caspian Sea gammarus at levels of 2 and 4% effectively improved muscle pigmentation of rainbow trout. }, Keywords = {Rainbow trout, Pigmentation, Gammarus, Caspian Sea, Iran}, volume = {5}, Number = {1}, pages = {1-12}, publisher = {Iranian Fisheries Research Organization}, url = {http://jifro.ir/article-1-3140-en.html}, eprint = {http://jifro.ir/article-1-3140-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences}, issn = {1562-2916}, eissn = {}, year = {2005} } @article{ author = {Ebrahimi, M.}, title = {17α-Hydroxy-4-pregenen-3-one (17 αP) assay, using acetylcholinesterase enzyme as tracer}, abstract ={17a-hydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one (17aP) hormone is a precursor of other steroid hormones and radioimmunoassay has already been used to measure it, but a simple and rapid "Enzyme Linked Immunosorbant Assay" (ELISA) is described and validated here. A general procedure for prepara-tion of the acetylcholinesterase labelled steroid is described, which is applicable to any steroid. Use of acetylcholinesterase tracer increased the sensitivity of assay so that reliable measurements of each steroid could be achieved with only 10 ml of plasma. The ELISA was applied to measure 17, 20a-hydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one (17, 20aP) steroid production from 17aP by 20 a-hydroxy steroid dehydrogenase (20a-HSD) from sperm of roach (Rutilus rutilus). The results showed that cyprinid sperm contains potent and active 20a-HSD enzymes which produce 17, 20aP hormone from 17aP substrate. }, Keywords = {17-hydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one assay, ELISA, Steoids, TEROIDS, Acetylcholinesterase, Roach}, volume = {5}, Number = {1}, pages = {13-28}, publisher = {Iranian Fisheries Research Organization}, url = {http://jifro.ir/article-1-3141-en.html}, eprint = {http://jifro.ir/article-1-3141-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences}, issn = {1562-2916}, eissn = {}, year = {2005} } @article{ author = {Kohinoor, A.H.M. and Islam, M.S. and Thulsted, S.H. and Wahab, M.A.}, title = {Rerproductice biology of three important indigenous small fish viz., mola ( INDIGENOUS SMALL FISH VIZ., MOLA (Amblypharyngodon mola), Chela (Chela cachius) and punti (Puntius sophore)}, abstract ={Reproductive biology of three important small indigenous fish species mola (Amblypharyngodon mola), punti (Puntius sophore) and chela (Chela cachius) was studied for 12 months from January to December, 1999 in the Department of Fisheries Management, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh. Gonadosomatic index (GSI) and ova diameter were analysed to determine their reproductive cycle. Three hundred sixty female and one hundred forty four male samples of each species of fish, mola (Amblypharyngodon mola), punti (Puntius sophore) and chela (Chela cachius) were examined in this study. The GSI values for female mola, punti and chela ranged from 1.78±0.88 to 17.06±2.66, 1.16±0.64 to 24.81±1.50 and 1.34±0.64 to 10.19±2.17, respectively. The highest values of the GSI in mola and punti were obtained during July while that of chela, during June. The results of monthly observations on the ova diameter indicated that mola, punti and chela spawned at least twice a year, once during May-July and again during September-October.}, Keywords = {Reproductive biology, Mola (Amblypharyngodon mola), Chela (Chela cachius), Punti (Puntius sophore), GSI, Ovadiamter, Bangladesh }, volume = {5}, Number = {1}, pages = {29-48}, publisher = {Iranian Fisheries Research Organization}, url = {http://jifro.ir/article-1-3142-en.html}, eprint = {http://jifro.ir/article-1-3142-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences}, issn = {1562-2916}, eissn = {}, year = {2005} } @article{ author = {Mirzajani, A.R. and Kiabi, B. and Nezami, S.A.}, title = {Some ecological indices of the Caspian Sea Amphipoda at the different depths Guilan offshore}, abstract ={In the present study, some ecological factors were studied for Amphipoda at different depths. The Shannon, Margalef, and Hill indices were used to determine the  species diversity, richness and evenness, respectively. In addition, the association and niche overlap values were estimated. Indices of species richness and diversity were highest at 50 and 100m depths, respectively.  The ordination of depths show that the highest dissimilarity was at 20m depth and the lowest dissimilarity at 100 meter.  Results of interspecific association and specific overlap of species show that only a few species could have similar ecological requirements. Results show that Paraniphargoides derzhavini with Niphargoides grimmi and Stenogammarus compersus with Amathilina  cristata  had low associations.  Corophium spinulosum with Corophium nobile and Stenogammarus compersus with Paraniphargoides derzhavini, however, had high associations.}, Keywords = {Amphipoda, Diversity, Interspecific association, Caspian Sea, Iran}, volume = {5}, Number = {1}, pages = {49-62}, publisher = {Iranian Fisheries Research Organization}, url = {http://jifro.ir/article-1-3143-en.html}, eprint = {http://jifro.ir/article-1-3143-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences}, issn = {1562-2916}, eissn = {}, year = {2005} } @article{ author = {MoajaziAmiri, B. and Bahrekazemi, M. and Pousti, I. and Vilaki, A.S.}, title = {A Histological study on the development of the digestive tract of Caspian salmon, Salmo trutta caspius (Kessleri), from hatching to parr stage}, abstract ={Histological development of digestive tract of the Caspian salmon, Salmo trutta caspius, from hatching to 6 month post-hatching was studied using light microscope. The digestive tract of newly hatched larvae was a simple, undifferentiated tube which continued from mouth to anus. In 10 days post hatching larvae, the alimentary canal became more differentiated and secretion was started activity, with appearance of goblet cells in epithelium of the mouth, pharynx and esophagus. A thin layer of neutral mucopolysaccharid components covered the digestive tract's epithelium in this stage. At the onset of exogenous feeding (25 days post hatch, dph, at 70C), the digestive tract became completely differentiated into mouth, pharynx, esophagus, glandular and non-glandular stomach, primary pyloric cacea, anterior and posterior parts of the intestine and rectum, similar to those of juveniles and adults. The alimentary canal was structurally completed and lined by a stratified squamous epithelium in the mouth, pharynx and rudimentry part of the esophagus at 25 dph, while the terminal part of esophagus, the stomach and the intestine were lined by a columnar epithelium. During this period, striated muscle layer became distinct from mouth to esophagus, while smooth muscle layer was appeared at the stomach and intestine. This pattern did not change up to six month post hatch, except in development of the digestive organs. Histological analysis of the present study prepare some basic scientific knowledge on the Caspian salmon's digestive histology which may be used in further studies on digestive system, such as histochemical studies.}, Keywords = {Histology, Parr, Digestive tract, Caspian salmon }, volume = {5}, Number = {1}, pages = {63-84}, publisher = {Iranian Fisheries Research Organization}, url = {http://jifro.ir/article-1-3144-en.html}, eprint = {http://jifro.ir/article-1-3144-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences}, issn = {1562-2916}, eissn = {}, year = {2005} } @article{ author = {Shariati, M.T.}, title = {The attitude of fishermen towards stock enhancement and influencing factors: a case study in Guilan Province of Iran}, abstract ={Decline in aquatic resource stocks, occurs for various reasons. Although regulations and measures have proven useful, they have failed to inhibit effectively the stock reduction trends. Iranian Fisheries Organization has carried out a great deal of investments and efforts concerning the enhancement of the Caspian Sea resource stocks through the restrictive regulations, and reproduction and release of various species such as bony fish and sturgeon. Nevertheless, reports of low catch of fish by fishermen and illegal fishing of even released fry have made serious concerns. Consequently, the existing approaches and practices have been questioned. However, resource management is facing a lack of proper understanding of society’s behaviors and attitudes towards the resource conservation and management. It is hard to study behavioral changes, but measuring of attitudes toward the natural resources conservation or enhancement, as well as the factors influencing the interest and commitment towards it, seems to be a prerequisite of any plan or program in that regard. The present study measures the fishermen’s attitude by means of Fishbein- Ajzen’s model as important and vital theory of behavior–attitude explanation. Variables such as evaluation of outcome, expectation of outcome or belief, satisfaction of and contribution in stock enhancement, as well as influenced factors including; personal characteristics, experience, amount of catch, and awareness were examined. In this descriptive analytical research, 180 samples out of the whole 5645 fishermen of the bony fish, in seven coastal towns of the Guilan province, were interviewed through a questionnaire. The study showed a significant positive attitude toward stock enhancement with 95% confidence. They included fishermen who were literate, more informed, with higher catches, and also who were content with their occupation. However, there was no significant relation between the fishermen's attitude and other factors such as age, experience, and opinions about the restrictive measures.}, Keywords = {Attitude, Fishermen, Stock enhancement, Guilan, Iran}, volume = {5}, Number = {1}, pages = {85-104}, publisher = {Iranian Fisheries Research Organization}, url = {http://jifro.ir/article-1-3145-en.html}, eprint = {http://jifro.ir/article-1-3145-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences}, issn = {1562-2916}, eissn = {}, year = {2005} } @article{ author = {EbrahimzadehMousavi, H.A. and Khosravi, A.R. and Firouzbakhsh, F. and Mokhayer, B. and Sasani, F. and Mirzargar, S.S. and Rostami, M.}, title = {Short communication: A case report of Branchiomyces infection in common carp (Cyprinus carpio) from Iran}, abstract ={This article has no abstract.}, Keywords = {Carp, Branchiomyces, Gill, Histopathology}, volume = {5}, Number = {1}, pages = {105-112}, publisher = {Iranian Fisheries Research Organization}, url = {http://jifro.ir/article-1-3146-en.html}, eprint = {http://jifro.ir/article-1-3146-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences}, issn = {1562-2916}, eissn = {}, year = {2005} }