@article{ author = {Duman, M. and Buyukekiz, A.G. and Saticioglu, I.B. and Cengiz, M. and Sahinturk, P. and Altun, S.}, title = {Epidemiology, genotypic diversity, and antimicrobial resistance of Lactococcus garvieae in farmed rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)}, abstract ={Bacterial agents must be genotypically analyzed for vaccinations, effective control programs, and antimicrobial resistance genes that could transfer from aquaculture settings to terrestrial ecosystems and humans. Therefore, we investigated the prevalence, genotypic characterization, and antimicrobial resistance of Lactococcus garvieae for two years at aquaculture sites throughout Turkey. A total of 137 L. garvieae isolates were obtained from rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) farms in different regions of Turkey, and three reference strains were used. The isolates were confirmed genotypically using species specific primer sets. All isolates were genotyped with RAPD-PCR using M13 primers. Five different genogroups were determined, and the reference strains were found to differ from all the isolates. Some isolates were compared with the GeneBank database and most isolates were within the same European, Asian, Australian, and South African genogroups. Isolates showed differing levels of resistance to most of the commonly used antimicrobials. The ermB, ermA, tetM, and tetS genes were identified and confirmed, whereas the floR, sulI, sulII, sulIII, tetA, tetB, and tetE genes were not detected. The identification of antimicrobial resistance genes in rainbow trout fry (weight 0.5 g) showed that genes for antimicrobial resistance could be spread during any stage of the fishes’ life, thereby facilitating transmission of resistance to humans and other animals. The investigation of antimicrobial resistance genes in phenotypically susceptible isolates revealed that it is insufficient to investigate only phenotypic resistance in antimicrobial resistance studies.}, Keywords = {Lactococcus garvieae, Genotyping, RAPD-PCR, Antimicrobial resistance, Antimicrobial resistance genes}, volume = {19}, Number = {1}, pages = {1-18}, publisher = {Iranian Fisheries Research Organization}, url = {http://jifro.ir/article-1-2625-en.html}, eprint = {http://jifro.ir/article-1-2625-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences}, issn = {1562-2916}, eissn = {}, year = {2020} } @article{ author = {Shekarchi, B. and Nekuiefard, A. and Manaffar, R.}, title = {Feeding Artemia larvae with yeast heat shock proteins 82 (HSPs82) to enhance the resistance against abiotic stresses (hyperosmotic and high temperatures)}, abstract ={Feeding farmed Artemia with yeast heat shock proteins is a novel way to protect them from stress conditions during the culture.  In this study, the effect of feeding with stressed new identified Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain YG3-1 yeasts (containing induced heat shock proteins) on the survival of Artemia in stress conditions, was evaluated. For this purpose, heat shock proteins 82 (Hsps 82) of mentioned yeasts were induced by applying the high thermal (30, 35 and 40 ˚C) and high salinity (60, 120, 180 and 240 g.l-1) stresses. After that, two different species of Artemia (Artemia urmiana and A. franciscana) were fed with treated yeasts during the culture. Then, to investigate the effects of S. cerevisiae strain YG3-1 Hsps82 on Artemia survival, after the end of feeding, adult individuals of both species were exposed to authorized high salinity (230 g L-1  and  280 g L-1) and authorized high temperature (35 ˚C  and  37 ˚C) as permitted stress for 48 h (hours). Finally, this administration resulted in the resistance of both species against the high salinity and high temperature (p<0.05). This result was confirmed by analysing total protein of Artemia using SDS-PAGE, and suggests that this administration can be used for enhancing the survival of Artemia in stress conditions.}, Keywords = {Artemia, Heat shock proteins, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Stress, Survival}, volume = {19}, Number = {1}, pages = {19-30}, publisher = {Iranian Fisheries Research Organization}, url = {http://jifro.ir/article-1-2266-en.html}, eprint = {http://jifro.ir/article-1-2266-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences}, issn = {1562-2916}, eissn = {}, year = {2020} } @article{ author = {Sajeevan, M.K and MadhusoodanaKurup, B.}, title = {Maturity, spawning and feeding intensity of cobia Rachycentron canadum (Linnaeus, 1766) in northwest coast of India}, abstract ={An attempt was made to provide some vital aspects of reproductive biology of cobia Rachycentron canadum (Linnaeus, 1766). Samples for a period of two years from an exploratory vessel and from the landing centers of Mumbai were used for the study. The average sex ratio between males and females observed was 1:0.80. Dominance of the number of females above the size of 100 cm was noticed. The size at first maturity of males and females was 72 and 83 cm, respectively. Similarly, age at first maturity of males and female was estimated at 1.77 and 2.17 years, respectively. Spawning season was based the on occurrence of five maturity stages and Gonadosomatic index (GSI) values indicated a throughout the year spawning behavior with peak spawning activity during July-August and November-January. Percentages of feeding condition of various maturity stages indicated that cobia take very less food during their spawning period.}, Keywords = {Rachycentron canadum, Maturity, Feeding intensity, Sex ratio}, volume = {19}, Number = {1}, pages = {31-44}, publisher = {Iranian Fisheries Research Organization}, url = {http://jifro.ir/article-1-2352-en.html}, eprint = {http://jifro.ir/article-1-2352-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences}, issn = {1562-2916}, eissn = {}, year = {2020} } @article{ author = {Torfimozanzadeh, M. and Agh, N. and Yaghoubi, M. and GhafleMarammazi, J.}, title = {Effects of dietary different lipid sources on plasma metabolites in silvery-black porgy (Sparidentex hasta) juveniles}, abstract ={In the current study the plasma metabolites of silvery-black porgy (Sparidentex hasta) juveniles fed with different lipids sources were analyzed in order to bio-monitoring fish health condition. In this regard, an eight-week feeding trial was conducted using seven isonitrogenous (50%) and isolipidic (20%) experimental diets : FO, CO (canola oil), SO (sunflower oil), T (tallow), FC (fish oil + canola oil, 50:50), FS (fish oil + sunflower oil, 50:50) and FT (fish oil + tallow, 50:50). Fish fed with SO diet had the highest liver lipid content. Liver n−9 monounsaturated fatty acids, n−6 and n−3 poly unsaturated fatty acids were highest in fish fed the CO, SO and FO, respectively (p<0.05). Fish fed FO and T diets had the highest plasma total cholesterol, whereas fish fed CO and SO diets had the highest plasma triglyceride and VLDL levels (p<0.05). Plasma ALP and ALT were the highest in fish fed SO and FO groups, respectively. Fish fed FS diet had the highest plasma TBARS concentration, whereas plasma CAT activity was the highest in fish fed FO and FS diets. The results of this study demonstrated that different dietary lipid sources can drastically change fatty acid profile of the liver which consequently can alter different metabolic pathways that can affect plasma metabolite health indices in silvery-black porgy juveniles.}, Keywords = {Sparidae, Alternative lipid sources, Fatty acid profile, Lipid metabolism, Plasma metabolites}, volume = {19}, Number = {1}, pages = {45-58}, publisher = {Iranian Fisheries Research Organization}, url = {http://jifro.ir/article-1-2511-en.html}, eprint = {http://jifro.ir/article-1-2511-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences}, issn = {1562-2916}, eissn = {}, year = {2020} } @article{ author = {Shakouri, A. and Balouch, G.M.}, title = {The effects of nitrate and phosphate on growth of algae, Ulva rigida}, abstract ={Nutrients especially nitrate and phosphate are the main limiting factors of algal growth in aquatic ecosystems. The present study was conducted to examine the effects of different concentrations of nitrate and phosphate simultaneously on growth of macro algae, Ulva rigida. For this purpose, algae were fed various concentrations of nitrate and phosphate during 28 days in 300 L tanks in the form of 4 experimental treatments with three replicates. The experimental treatments were: T1: 10 mg L-1 NO3+5 mg L-1 PO4, T2: 20 mg L-1 NO3+10 mg L-1 Po4PO4, T3: 30 mg L-1 NO3+15 mg L-1 PO4, T4: 40 mg L-1 NO3+20 mg L-1 PO4 and one control treatment was considered. According to the results, all experimental treatments showed increased growth compared to the control treatment (p<0.05). There were no significant differences in growth of algae between T3 and T4 (p>0.05). The highest values of gain weight (88.02±0.74 g, nearly 17 times more than the initial weight) and daily growth percent (60.57±1.29 %) were observed in algae of T3 and then T4 (daily growth percent: 42.95±1.56 %). In conclusion, our results suggest that a concentration of 30 mg L-1 NO3+15 mg L-1 PO4 is more suitable for the growth of macro algae, U. rigida.}, Keywords = {Macro algae, Ulva rigida, Concentration, Nitrate, Phosphate}, volume = {19}, Number = {1}, pages = {59-66}, publisher = {Iranian Fisheries Research Organization}, url = {http://jifro.ir/article-1-2385-en.html}, eprint = {http://jifro.ir/article-1-2385-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences}, issn = {1562-2916}, eissn = {}, year = {2020} } @article{ author = {Shourbela, R.M. and El-Hawarry, W.N. and AbdEl-Latif, A.M and Abo-Kora, S.Y.}, title = {Potentiality of Moringa oleifera aqueous extract as a growth modulator and antistress in acute hypoxic Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus}, abstract ={This study aims to get a comprehensive evaluation of the growth promoting effects and the hypoxic stress relief potentiality of Moringa oleifera aqueous extracts. Oreochromis niloticus fingerlings were arbitrarily allocated into five duplicated fish groups (30 fish tank-1). The fish groups were labeled according to the M. oleifera aqueous extract dietary inclusion level (G1:G5). MOAE had fundamentally promoted tilapia growth. Serum total protein levels were considerably higher in the M. oleifera fed fish, whereas the levels of liver enzymes diminished significantly in G5 fish. Additionally, the dietary M. oleifera resulted in a noticeable hypoglycemic effect together with a pronounced decline in the antioxidant activities. The use of M. oleifera supplemented diet decreased the hypoxia-related stress as conveyed by the gradual descent in the serum cortisol levels of the hypoxic-stressed tilapia. This study proposes the potentiality of M. oleifera aqueous extract as a growth promoter, antistress and antioxidants. It also validates its safe application in commercial tilapia culture. Future study is required to comprehend the influence of this plant extract in relieving chronic stress and its possible toxic effect as well. Feasibility study for its commercial usage is required too.}, Keywords = {Plant extracts, Moringa oleifera, Oreochromis niloticus, Growth, Antioxidant activity, Hypoxic stress.}, volume = {19}, Number = {1}, pages = {67-84}, publisher = {Iranian Fisheries Research Organization}, url = {http://jifro.ir/article-1-2683-en.html}, eprint = {http://jifro.ir/article-1-2683-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences}, issn = {1562-2916}, eissn = {}, year = {2020} } @article{ author = {Mohammadi, E. and Shabanpour, B. and Kordjazi, M.}, title = {Chemical composition and functional properties of two brown seaweeds from the Qeshm Island, Iran}, abstract ={Seaweeds have been introduced as an important sources of food and pharmaceutical active agents since last century. In this study, the chemical composition and functional characteristics of (common names) Nizamuddinia zanardinii and Iyengaria stellata, were investigated. The total carbohydrate and ash contents were the two most abundant components in these seaweeds but their crude lipid and fiber contents were low. The protein content was higher in I. stellata followed over N. zanardinii. Atomic absorption spectrophotometry of the ashes showed that I. stellata contained higher amounts of both macrominerals (Ca, Mg) and trace elements (Fe, Zn) than N. zanardinii. Results of antioxidant properties showed that total phenolic (3.37 mg 100g-1), total antioxidant (27.08 mg g-1) and reducing power (22.76%) were higher in N. zanardinii than I. stellata, while DPPH free radical scavenging (7.16%) was higher in I. stellata. The results suggest that both the seaweeds could be used as a potential source of nutrient and antioxidant compounds in food and pharmaceutical industries.}, Keywords = {Brown seaweeds, Chemical composition, Antioxidant activity, Mineral composition}, volume = {19}, Number = {1}, pages = {85-98}, publisher = {Iranian Fisheries Research Organization}, url = {http://jifro.ir/article-1-2504-en.html}, eprint = {http://jifro.ir/article-1-2504-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences}, issn = {1562-2916}, eissn = {}, year = {2020} } @article{ author = {Jalali, S. and Jamili, Sh. and Borani, M. and Ramezanifard, E. and Sepahdari, A.}, title = {Ontogenic development of digestive accessory glands in larval and juvenile Vimba bream, Vimba vimba (Pallas, 1814)}, abstract ={The current study investigated histological development and histochemistry of digestive accessory glands of Vimba bream Vimba vimba from hatching through 60th day after hatching (DAH). The samples were randomly taken from day 1 (hatching) until the full absorption of the yolk sac at day 7 and the day after that, then with 2, 5, and 10 days intervals until 60 DAH. The development of the digestive accessory glands was followed histologically using light microscopy after Haematoxylin-Eosin and Periodic-Acid Schiff (PAS) staining. A primordial liver was observed at 1 DAH in the ventral region of the yolk sac, pancreas at 2 DAH, gall bladder and bile duct were developed at 4-5 DAH. At the same time when larvae were growing, digestive accessory glands continued differentiation and, at 5 DAH, hepatocytes of liver with eosinophilic cytoplasm and basophilic granules showed regular shape around sinusoids. Coinciding with the liver development, sinusoids developed as well and hepatic cells increased in size. Also, at this stage, eosinophilic zymogen granules of exocrine portion of pancreas were observed. Secretory activity of digestive accessory glands began with the emergence of PAS positive cells followed by secretion of neutral mucopolysaccharides and glycogen compounds in liver cells of larvae at 4 DAH and pancreatic cells of larvae at 4-7 DAH. The results of this study can be effective in identifying growth limiting factors in breeding larvae, reducing casualties during exogenous feeding, and even developing a proper diet for its digestive system.  }, Keywords = {Histology, Ontogenic development, Histochemistry, Digestive accessory glands, Vimba vimba}, volume = {19}, Number = {1}, pages = {99-110}, publisher = {Iranian Fisheries Research Organization}, url = {http://jifro.ir/article-1-2904-en.html}, eprint = {http://jifro.ir/article-1-2904-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences}, issn = {1562-2916}, eissn = {}, year = {2020} } @article{ author = {Li, X.M and Zhu, Y.J and Ringø, E and Yang, D.G}, title = {Prevalence of Aeromonas hydrophila and Pseudomonas fluorescens and factors influencing them in different freshwater fish ponds}, abstract ={Real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) was performed to elucidate the abundance of Aeromonas hydrophila and Pseudomonas fluorescens, which are among the most widespread fish pathogens in ponds. Both pathogens have three different breeding patterns, namely, (a) gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio), (b) yellow catfish (Pelteobagrus fulvidraco), and (c) black carp (Mylopharyngodon piceus), over a production season. Results revealed that pond sediments have significantly higher bacterial levels of A. hydrophila and P. fluorescens (105–106 copies µl-1 DNA) than pond water (103–104 copies µl-1 DNA). In addition, independent regression models revealed that environmental variables influence the levels of pathogenic bacteria. The occurrence of A. hydrophila and P. fluorescens were significantly positively correlated to dissolved oxygen and water temperature, respectively. On the contrary, both pathogens were negatively correlated to total nitrogen. In this study, the prevalence of pathogenic bacteria and their relationships with physicochemical factors in different pond environments were investigated for the first time through a molecular method. Furthermore, although we did not include fish diseases occurring during the production season, our results can provide useful theoretical information for fish breeding especially with regard to the prevention of related bacterial diseases.}, Keywords = {Aeromonas hydrophila, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Freshwater fish, qPCR, Ponds}, volume = {19}, Number = {1}, pages = {111-124}, publisher = {Iranian Fisheries Research Organization}, url = {http://jifro.ir/article-1-2390-en.html}, eprint = {http://jifro.ir/article-1-2390-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences}, issn = {1562-2916}, eissn = {}, year = {2020} } @article{ author = {Ozden, O. and Dogruyol, H.}, title = {Comparison of three different fish species from the Marmara Sea to fulfill daily EPA and DHA needs}, abstract ={Fatty acid profile and proximate composition of horse mackerel (Trachurus mediterraneus), sole (Solea solea) and black scorpion fish (Scorpaena porcus) caught from the Marmara Sea were determined both in the summer (June-July-August) and winter (December-January-February) seasons. Fish[HD1]  is the best source of omega-3 (ω-3) and contains[HD2]  plenty of omega-6 (ω-6) fatty acids. ω-3 fatty acids provide so many health benefits and help to protect against diseases. In this study, the lipid content of horse mackerel was higher than the other investigated fish species. Total ω-3 and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) + docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) of horse mackerel were the highest in summer (1705 mg 100g-1) despite having higher lipid content in winter, which could be explained by the nourishment that fish takes in different seasons. Considering the recommended intake, EPA+DHA of horse mackerel was more than enough to meet the daily requirement. The ω-3 content of black scorpion fish and sole were relatively low in comparison with horse mackerel in both seasons. The ratio of ω-6:ω-3 fatty acids of all species was also very low (max. 0.358) which provides advantage in daily nutrition. Docosapentaenoic acid (DPA) and α-linolenic acid (ALA) were also found higher in horse mackerel in winter. Instead of taking supplements, fish itself should be consumed to benefit all long chain ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and other nutrients. For a healthy diet, consuming horse mackerel routinely seems to fulfil EPA and DHA needs, besides having high quality protein.  [HD1]Rewritten as ‘Fish is’ instead of ‘Fishes are’  [HD2]contains}, Keywords = {Fatty acids, Fish, Omega-3, EPA, DHA, Proximate composition}, volume = {19}, Number = {1}, pages = {125-135}, publisher = {Iranian Fisheries Research Organization}, url = {http://jifro.ir/article-1-2421-en.html}, eprint = {http://jifro.ir/article-1-2421-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences}, issn = {1562-2916}, eissn = {}, year = {2020} } @article{ author = {Djeziri, M. and Nouri, L. and Kacher, M.}, title = {An investigation on the effects of different diets on the growth performance of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (Linné, 1758)}, abstract ={The objective of this study is to investigate the possibility of substituting a diet based on fish meal, for Nile tilapia fish fry (Oreochromis niloticus), by another food based agro-industrial by-products. Four plants and animal by-products were selected for the formulation of this diet, namely feathers Poultry flour (FPF), date stones flour (DSF), peas flour (PF) and tomato waste flour (TF). The four above-mentioned by-products were combined to obtain four experimental diets (D1-D4) containing isoproteic (29- 39% crude protein) and iso-energetic (15-21 kJ gross energy by g feed), so as to replace completely, fish meal. The fifth diet, based on fish meal was used as control died (CD). The results of livestock and biochemical  analyses, such as the specific growth rate (SGR), feed conversion efficiency (FCE), the protein efficiency ratio (PER) and the apparent protein retention (APR) show that D3 and D4  give better results compared to the control diet (CD). The least interesting results were obtained with experimental D1 diet. Finally, for all analytical results obtained, it was highlighted that the diet D4 is relatively more efficient nutritionally, compared to the other diets formulated, which gives a better weight gain.}, Keywords = {Oreochromis niloticus, Pre-fattening, Nutrition, Agro-industrial products meal, Zootechnic parametrers.}, volume = {19}, Number = {1}, pages = {136-150}, publisher = {Iranian Fisheries Research Organization}, url = {http://jifro.ir/article-1-2635-en.html}, eprint = {http://jifro.ir/article-1-2635-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences}, issn = {1562-2916}, eissn = {}, year = {2020} } @article{ author = {Shaviklo, A.R. and Seyed-Nejad, S.R. and MahdaviAdeli, H.R.}, title = {Determination of optimum level of omega 3 fish oil plus vitamin E and their effects on oxidative and sensory shelf stability in a traditional Persian ice cream formulation using a computer-aided statistical programme}, abstract ={Fishery products are the richest dietary sources of polyunsaturated fatty acids ω-3.  These functional ingredients can be applied for fortification of food products. A computer-assisted programme was applied for the product development and to investigate the influence of the different ratios of ω-3 fish oil on overall acceptance and stability of the ice cream.  Consequently, ice cream with 2.5% fish oil was selected as an optimum prototype. Sensory changes and the oxidative stability (FFA, peroxide, anisidine, and TOTOX values) of the control and fortified samples were investigated during 4 months storage at -18°C. The same level of moisture (73-74%), and protein (3.0-3.2%) contents, acidity (0.08-0.09), solid-non-fat (2.60-2.70%) and pH (6.7-6.8) was found in fortified ice cream and the control samples. The fat content of the fortified sample (3.3%) was higher than what found in the control (2.1%). Both prototypes were chemically stable and had similar sensory attributes after the production and after 4 months of storage. FFA (0.08-0.15%), peroxides (0.21-0.51 meq kg-1), anisidine (4.61-8.12) and TOTOX (5.14-8.75) values of the control and fortifies samples were within the acceptable levels indicating the stability of the prototypes during frozen storage. According to the results, it could be concluded that nutritional values of ice cream can be enhanced by the fortification with ω-3 fish oil. However, to commercialize such product consumers' acceptance and market research should be investigated.}, Keywords = {Fortified ice cream, ω-3 fish oil, Oxidative stability, Sensory quality}, volume = {19}, Number = {1}, pages = {151-166}, publisher = {Iranian Fisheries Research Organization}, url = {http://jifro.ir/article-1-2885-en.html}, eprint = {http://jifro.ir/article-1-2885-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences}, issn = {1562-2916}, eissn = {}, year = {2020} } @article{ author = {Ninwichian, P. and Chookird, D. and Phuwan, N.}, title = {Effects of dietary supplementation with natural carotenoid sources on growth performance and skin coloration of fancy carp, Cyprinus carpio L.}, abstract ={We evaluated the effects of natural carotenoid sources on the growth performance and skin pigmentation of Cyprinus carpio. Samples with mean initial weight of 51.23±5.04 g were fed with four experimental diets in quadruplicate for 8 weeks: A control diet without carotenoid supplementation and three other diets with three different kinds of natural carotenoid sources, Phafia rhodozyma, Paracoccus sp., and Haematococcus pluviallis, at a level of 45 mg kg-1 total carotenoids. The growth and feed utilization efficiency did not significantly differ between the dietary treatments (p>0.05). The lightness (L*) in the red zone of the fish on the control diet tend to increase significantly from the other treatments (p<0.05). The P. rhodozyma diet provided the highest redness (a*) and chroma (C*), and a strongly reddish hue (H°), with a significant difference to the other diets (p<0.05). The yellowness (b*) in the red and the white zones had no significant difference between the dietary treatments (p>0.05). In addition, the fish fed with a P. rhodozyma diet had high accumulated carotenoid levels in the red and the white scales, as well as in the serum. Furthermore, the carotenoid deposition capacity was higher in the fish skin than in the scales and the serum, and the carotenoids were deposited more in the red than in the white tissues. The results indicate that diet supplementation with P. rhodozyma enhances the red skin color of fancy carp.}, Keywords = {Cyprinus carpio, Carotenoid, Pigment, Growth, Skin color}, volume = {19}, Number = {1}, pages = {167-181}, publisher = {Iranian Fisheries Research Organization}, url = {http://jifro.ir/article-1-1940-en.html}, eprint = {http://jifro.ir/article-1-1940-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences}, issn = {1562-2916}, eissn = {}, year = {2020} } @article{ author = {Ciszewski, K. and Czerniejewski, P. and Wawrzyniak, W. and Surma, O.}, title = {Predatory reactions of juvenile stages of sea trout (Salmo trutta trutta L., 1758) fed with three feeding regimens}, abstract ={Restocking is used in rivers to restore fish populations. The biological value of stocking material derived from hatcheries is low, which is reflected in low survival rate in natural environment after stocking. For this reason, in pre-rearing, attention is increasingly paid to minimize the undesired hatchery-rearing effects, which greatly reduces the biological value. The quality of stocking material can be improved by introducing live food to the diet. The aim of the study was an attempt to determine the biological quality of trout larvae reared in three feeding regimens by determining the predatory behavior. The experiment started with a 30-day rearing of fish in three feeding variants: starter feed and algae, starter feed, and live brine shrimp larvae. Best weight and length gain of the fish and the survival rate were recorded in the group of fish fed exclusively Nutra HP 0.3 starter feed (Skretting). Pre-reared larvae of sea trout from three feeding variants were released in reservoirs, in which ide Leuciscus idus  larvae were introduced as live food. It was observed that sea trouts most effectively caught their prey in a variant, in which sea trout larvae had been previously fed brine shrimp larvae, Artemia sp. The results indicate that the type of first food can model the predatory behavior of juvenile stages of sea trout.  }, Keywords = {Sea trout Salmo trutta trutta, Fish larvae rearing, Foraging ability, Behavior}, volume = {19}, Number = {1}, pages = {182-194}, publisher = {Iranian Fisheries Research Organization}, url = {http://jifro.ir/article-1-2087-en.html}, eprint = {http://jifro.ir/article-1-2087-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences}, issn = {1562-2916}, eissn = {}, year = {2020} } @article{ author = {Akgül, E. and Can, E.}, title = {The anesthetic effects of 2-phenoxyethanol on Munzur trout fingerlings (Salmo munzuricus Turan et al., 2017) at different temperatures}, abstract ={In this study, the anesthetic effects of 2-phenoxyethanol (2-PE, with %99 purity, BASF, Germany) on Munzur trout (Salmo munzuricus., a native species) originated from Munzur stream have been studied. 300 fish with the average weight of 4.42±0.62 g and length of 8.10±0.60 cm were used. To determine the anesthetic effects of various concentrations of 2-PE on Munzur trout fingerlings, the experiments were performed in two different temperatures (13 ºC and 18ºC) and five different concentrations (0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4 and 0.5 ml L-1). 2-PE was used in this study as an anesthetic agent. In the anesthetic processing we practiced in all concentrations, except for 0.1 ml L-1 of 2-PE, loss of reflex (S5) was determined between 68 sec and  276 sec, and total behavioral recovery (R3) was determined between 58 sec and 208 sec. Induction times of anesthesia varied with anesthetic concentrations, decreasing with the increases of 2-PE concentrations. On the other hand, recovery times increased with decreasing of anesthetic concentrations. The lowest effective dose was determined as 0.3 ml L-1 at the temperatures 13 ºC and 18ºC. In this study, first time optimum anesthetic doses of 2-PE were determined for fingerling specimens of Salmo munzuricus which is endemic to Munzur stream and has an importance for aquaculture.}, Keywords = {Munzur trout, Salmo munzuricus, Anaesthesia, 2-phenoxyethanol, Temperature.}, volume = {19}, Number = {1}, pages = {195-203}, publisher = {Iranian Fisheries Research Organization}, url = {http://jifro.ir/article-1-2491-en.html}, eprint = {http://jifro.ir/article-1-2491-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences}, issn = {1562-2916}, eissn = {}, year = {2020} } @article{ author = {Emiroğlu, Ö. and Giannetto, D. and Aksu, S. and Başkurt, S. and Çiçek, A. and Tarkan, A.S.}, title = {Length-weight, length-length and empirical standard weight equations for Capoeta baliki, Capoeta sieboldii and Chondrostoma angorense, three endemic cyprinid species of northwestern Anatolia}, abstract ={In this study, length and weight data for three endemic fish species of North-western Anatolia (Capoeta baliki,  Capoeta sieboldii and Chondrostoma angorense) were collected throughout their distribution ranges and used to estimate length-length, total length (TL) – weight and empirical standard weight (Ws) equations. The obtained Ws equations were: log10Ws = -6.743 + 4.768 log10 TL - 0.437 log10 TL2 (TL range: 7-28 cm) for C. baliki; log10Ws= - 5.966 + 3.833 log10TL - 0.181 log10 TL2 (TL range: 7-36 cm) for C. sieboldii; log10Ws= - 10.017 + 7.402 log10TL - 0.971 log10TL2 (TL-range: 7-24 cm) for C. angorense. For C. angorense, these data represent the first reference on length-weight relationship for this species. In addition, a new maximum length was reported for C. baliki.}, Keywords = {Body condition indices, Endemic species, Capoeta baliki, Capoeta sieboldii, Chondrostoma angorense, Relative weight.}, volume = {19}, Number = {1}, pages = {204-216}, publisher = {Iranian Fisheries Research Organization}, url = {http://jifro.ir/article-1-2538-en.html}, eprint = {http://jifro.ir/article-1-2538-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences}, issn = {1562-2916}, eissn = {}, year = {2020} } @article{ author = {Golmakani, M.T and Niakousari, M. and Keramat, M. and Khosravi, H.}, title = {Protection of polyunsaturated fatty acids of fish oil from common Kilka (Clupeonella cultriventris caspia) using holy basil (Ocimum sanctum) essential oil}, abstract ={The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of different concentrations of holy basil (Ocimum sanctum) essential oil (HBEO) on the oxidative stability and fatty acid profile of common Kilka (Clupeonella cultriventris caspia) oil (CKO) at different temperatures. HBEO were extracted using microwave-assisted hydrodistillation method and its main components were identified as methyl chavicol (17.97%), β-bisabolene (15.89%), eugenol (13.82%), and 1, 8-cineole (12.10%). When used at concentrations of 500 and 750 ppm, the HBEO significantly reduced the peroxide value and anisidine value of CKO during storage at 45 and 60 °C. By comparison, 100 ppm BHA and 250 ppm HBEO were less effective in reducing the peroxide value and anisidine value of CKO during storage at 45 and 60 °C. Furthermore, HBEO could preserve polyunsaturated fatty acids of CKO during storage at both temperatures. Based on the results of this research, HBEO can be applied to increase the oxidative stability of CKO, and can protect the polyunsaturated fatty acids in CKO.}, Keywords = {Essential oil, Holy basil, Kilka oil, Oxidative stability, Polyunsaturated fatty acid}, volume = {19}, Number = {1}, pages = {217-233}, publisher = {Iranian Fisheries Research Organization}, url = {http://jifro.ir/article-1-2562-en.html}, eprint = {http://jifro.ir/article-1-2562-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences}, issn = {1562-2916}, eissn = {}, year = {2020} } @article{ author = {Pajand, Z.O. and Soltani, M. and Kamali, A. and Bahmani, M.}, title = {Growth, survival and fatty acids profile of Polychaete, Nereis diversicolor (Müller, 1776) cultured using waste water of great sturgeon, Huso huso (Linnaeus, 1758), culture at different densities in an integrated farming system}, abstract ={Growth and survival of Polychaete, Nereis diversicolor fed on waste water of great sturgeon, Huso huso at different densities were studied. The study aimed to assess the efficacy of feeding of N. diversicolor with waste water derived from different densities of great sturgeon culture as well as to find a balance between fish density and growth of the worm. The worms (0.2-0.3 kg m-2) with an initial mean weight of 0.05 g were fed for 55 days with waste water of great sturgeon at densities of 2-3, 3-4 and 4-5 kg m-2 fish. A group of worms fed with fish feed was considered as the control. The obtained results showed that the biomass and average weight of the harvested worms were significantly higher at the density of 3-4 kg m-2 fish than in the other two treatments (p<0.05). Also, worms fed with fish feed (control group) showed higher survival rate and biomass production than the treatments. Some fatty acids were abundant in worms from the treatments, specifically 14:0, 16:0, C18:1n9c, 20:1, 22:1n-9, 18:3n-3, 20:2, 20:5n-3 (EPA) and 22:6n-3 (DHA), but were significantly lower than the control worms. The results demonstrate that production of N. diversicolor using fish waste water was highly efficient and can offer a sustainable solution to remove organic load in the aquaculture waste waters. Also, production of N. diversicolor via this method as an alternative source of fatty acids and protein for H. huso production could achieve multiple aims such as retention of valuable lipids from the H. huso waste water.}, Keywords = {Huso huso, Nereis diversicolor, Density, Waste water, Integrated aquaculture, Fatty acid}, volume = {19}, Number = {1}, pages = {234-247}, publisher = {Iranian Fisheries Research Organization}, url = {http://jifro.ir/article-1-2564-en.html}, eprint = {http://jifro.ir/article-1-2564-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences}, issn = {1562-2916}, eissn = {}, year = {2020} } @article{ author = {Saç, G. and Özuluğ, M.}, title = {Life history pattern and feeding habits of Gobio bulgaricus (Drensky, 1926) (Pisces: Gobionidae) in an endorheic stream (Istranca Stream, Turkey)}, abstract ={The Aegean gudgeon Gobio bulgaricus (Drensky, 1926) is a freshwater fish species restricted to the western parts (Thrace) of Turkey. The aim of the present study is investigating key parameters such as age, growth, reproduction and feeding habits of G. bulgaricus in the Istranca Stream to determine biological characteristics of the species. During monthly samplings from March 2012 to June 2013, G. bulgaricus specimens were collected from the endorheic Istranca Stream, which is draining to the Lake Durusu in İstanbul. The results showed that the lifespan of the species was 5 years. The length–weight relationships of G. bulgaricus indicated positive allometric growth and the relationship was lnW=-3.976+3.080lnSL for females, lnW=-4.008+3.088lnSL for males and lnW=-4.049+3.118lnSL for all individuals. The mean size at first sexual maturity (Lm) was 4.03 cm SL for females and 3.94 cm SL for males. Absolute fecundity ranged from 355 to 5556 eggs with mean of 1179±152 eggs. Prey analyses of digestive tract content indicated that G. bulgaricus was largely omnivorous (more precisely insectivorous) feeding mainly on aquatic insects and a small amount of plant and animal materials. Diptera larvae (IRI%=96.49) were the dominant prey of G. bulgaricus in terms of index of relative importance. It is considered that the present results will increase our knowledge of the life-history traits and feeding of G. bulgaricus.}, Keywords = {Age, Diet, Growth, Reproduction, Istranca Stream, Turkey}, volume = {19}, Number = {1}, pages = {248-261}, publisher = {Iranian Fisheries Research Organization}, url = {http://jifro.ir/article-1-2788-en.html}, eprint = {http://jifro.ir/article-1-2788-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences}, issn = {1562-2916}, eissn = {}, year = {2020} } @article{ author = {Hajhoseini, A. and Sharifan, A. and Yousefi, H.R.}, title = {Effects of atmospheric cold plasma on microbial growth of Listeria innocua and Staphylococcus aureus in ready-to-eat fish products}, abstract ={Food-borne pathogens, including Staphylococcus aureus and Listeria monocytogenes, in fish products account for death to a great extent. To increase shelf-life of foods and also preserve their sensory properties, plasma treatments have attracted more attention. The present study was intended to investigate the efficacy of atmospheric cold plasma (ACP) using argon and helium gas flows for ready-to-eat (RTE) fish products contaminated with L. innocua and S. aureus at short treatment durations of 4, 6 and 10 min. The results showed that argon plasma at each time point (4, 6, and 10 min) had a significantly inhibitory effect on the growth of L. innocua. Also, it reduced over a 10-minute treatment with helium plasma. There was a direct correlation between exposure time and antimicrobial efficiency of argon and helium ACP. The survival of S. aureus decreased by 0.19-1.04 Log cycles after argon plasma whereas helium plasma had a lower potential for growth reduction within the range of 0.03 and 0.55 Log cycles. It could be concluded that ACP is effective for lowering growth of different micro-organisms on RTE fish samples. L. innouca was considerably more sensitive than S. aureus to atmospheric pressure plasma (APP).}, Keywords = {Cold plasma, Argon, Helium, Microbial viability, Fish products}, volume = {19}, Number = {1}, pages = {262-271}, publisher = {Iranian Fisheries Research Organization}, url = {http://jifro.ir/article-1-2710-en.html}, eprint = {http://jifro.ir/article-1-2710-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences}, issn = {1562-2916}, eissn = {}, year = {2020} } @article{ author = {Khadem, P. and Motalebi, A.A. and Rokni, N. and Razavilar, V.}, title = {Effects of Capparis spinosa root extract and modified atmosphere packaging on the shelf life of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fillets by measuring of antioxidant and antimicrobial parameters}, abstract ={The effects of Caper (Capparis spinosa L.) extracts on microbiological, chemical and sensory changes of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fillets stored at 4 ˚C were evaluated. Trout fillets were dipped in Caper extracts (0.2 and 0.5%), packaged with or without modified atmosphere packaging (MAP; O2 5%, CO2 20%, N2 75%) and stored at 4 ˚C for 28 days. The data showed that lipid oxidation and spoilage of the samples were significantly delayed in the samples treated with Caper extract associated with MAP (p<0.05). The acceptability limit (7 log CFU g-1) of the psychrophilic bacterial counts was observed for MAP+Caper (0.5%) treatment in 7 and 14 days of storage time while it was reported for other treatments only in day 7. The use of 0.5 % Caper+MAP had the best antioxidative and antimicrobial effects, as well as sensory scores in the trout fillets during refrigerated storage (28 days) (p<0.05). This study determined that the Caper associated with MAP had significant effects on shelf-life extension of fresh rainbow trout at cold storage period and could be a natural preservative for extending shelf life of fish fillets.}, Keywords = {Caper extract, Rainbow trout, Modified atmosphere packaging, Shelf life}, volume = {19}, Number = {1}, pages = {272-285}, publisher = {Iranian Fisheries Research Organization}, url = {http://jifro.ir/article-1-2907-en.html}, eprint = {http://jifro.ir/article-1-2907-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences}, issn = {1562-2916}, eissn = {}, year = {2020} } @article{ author = {Mehrjo, F. and Abdoli, A. and Hashemi, S.H. and Hosseinabadi, F.}, title = {Development of a multimetric index based on benthic macroinvertebrates for downstream Jajrud River in Tehran province, Iran}, abstract ={Jajrud River is the main source of drinking water in the East of Tehran. The river originates from heights of the Alborz Mountain in Northern Tehran. In this study, five stations were sampled for water quality assessment in downstream. Brgjhan and Afjeh stations were considered as reference stations. Benthic macroinvertebrate sampling was repeated 3 times at each station with a Surber sampler device and an area of 900 square cm and a mesh size of 250 microns, in four seasons. For the development of MMIDJ (Multimetric Macro-invertebrate Index Downstream Jajrud-MMIDJ) multimetric index based on benthic macro-invertebrate, 25 bio-indicators were compared in the reference stations with the data of two years, 2013 and 2014. The features of the bio-indicators included measurement of components tolerance, composition, richness, and trophic. MMIDJ multimetric index was developed from 6 indices including HFBI (Hilsenhoff Family Biotic Index), BMWP/ASPT (Biological Monitoring Working Party/Average Score per Taxon), NJIS (New Jersey Impairment Score), MMIF (Multimetric Macro-invertebrate Index Flanders), % Ephemeroptera, and BBI (Belgian Biotic Index). Indices selected were significantly correlated with at least one physicochemical parameter and low degree of changes like % Chironomidae, % non-insects, the ratio of EPT (Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, and Trichoptera) individuals to Chironomidae, and high density. Water quality in MMIDJ multimetric index was classified into four. Index values were from 6 to 30. The water quality improved from 6 to 30. With regard to water quality assessment of Jajrud River using MMIDJ multimetric index, Jajrud River did not have a good quality. Appropriate management actions should be considered in Jajrud River for improvement of the water quality.}, Keywords = {Jajrud River, Water quality, Benthic macro-invertebrate, MMIDJ multimetric Index}, volume = {19}, Number = {1}, pages = {286-296}, publisher = {Iranian Fisheries Research Organization}, url = {http://jifro.ir/article-1-2935-en.html}, eprint = {http://jifro.ir/article-1-2935-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences}, issn = {1562-2916}, eissn = {}, year = {2020} } @article{ author = {Ayala, M. and Molera, A. and García-Alcázar, A. and Arizcun, M.}, title = {Influence of the stocking density on the growth, feeding, survival rate and muscle cellularity of juvenile specimens of common name shi drum, Umbrina cirrosa L.}, abstract ={Common name Umbrina cirrosa specimens (mean weight 9.5 g, mean length 9 cm) were categorized in three densities (4, 9 and 15 kg m-3) in order to study the influence of stocking density on the growth, survival rate and feed conversion rates. The body and muscle parameters were studied at 0, 43 and 84 days of the experiment. After 43 days, the highest body parameters values (body length and weight) were found in specimens reared at 9 kg m-3, followed by the specimens reared at 4 kg m-3, showing the specimens reared at 15 kg m-3 the lowest growth. These results showed a negative effect of high density on the growth, being the intermediate density (9 kg m-3) the most favorable density for the growth at this stage. Muscle cellularity was different among the groups, being the hypertrophy values higher at high density of rearing (15 kg m-3) than at 4 and 9 kg m-3. In contrast, the hyperplasia was higher at 4 kg m-3 than in the rest of densities. The group reared at 9 kg m-3 showed intermediate values of hypertrophy and hyperplasia.  At 84 days of the experiment, the muscle cellularity was similar at 4 and 9 kg m-3, this indicating a compensatory hypertrophic growth at 4 kg m-3. The highest values of body weight were reached at 9 kg m-3. Moreover, the feed conversion rates and the percentage of survival rate were better at 9 than at 4 kg m-3.}, Keywords = {Stocking densities, Growth, Muscle cellularity}, volume = {19}, Number = {1}, pages = {297-308}, publisher = {Iranian Fisheries Research Organization}, url = {http://jifro.ir/article-1-2653-en.html}, eprint = {http://jifro.ir/article-1-2653-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences}, issn = {1562-2916}, eissn = {}, year = {2020} } @article{ author = {Shourbela, R.M. and Tohamy, H.G. and El-Hawarry, W.N.}, title = {Induced spawning of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus Burchell, 1822) after pre-spawning prophylactic disinfection; the breeding performance and tissue histopathological alterations are under scope}, abstract ={Adult African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) were used to investigate the effects of pre-spawning prophylactic disinfection during a seven days quarantine period on the breeding performance and the possible histopathological influences on C. gariepinus brooders. Based on broodfish sex; a total of 36 females were stocked into 6 tanks (6 females tank-1) and 18 males were stoked into other 6 tanks (3 males/tank) signifying three treated groups (T1: T3) of two replicates (6 females+3 males/replicate). T1 was assigned as a control non-treated broodfish, whereas T2 broodfish was disinfected with formalin (FA) (15 ppm) for 6 h and T3 broodfish were disinfected with malachite green (MG) (1 ppm) for 45 minutes. Brooders treated with MG (T3) delivered lower egg numbers, lower hatching percent and high percentage of larval deformity. Additionally, pronounced histopathological lesions were observed in the liver, testis and ovaries of both the FA and MG- treated catfish that is to give a further explanation for the declined breeding performance of both groups. Herein, the pre-spawning disinfection of C. gariepinus during the quarantine period is not necessary especially when proper management, transportation and handling is to be followed. Nevertheless, if pre-spawning disinfection to be applied; the MG should not be prescribed for C. gariepinus broodfish unless no other cheap and much safer disinfectants rather than FA existed. But still, a future research is required to explore its possible negative effects on both reproductive efficiency and the prospected histopathological changes of broodfish being recovered from FA application.}, Keywords = {Induced spawning, Clarias gariepinus, Pre-spawning quarantine, Prophylactic disinfection, Spawning performance, Histopathology}, volume = {19}, Number = {1}, pages = {309-324}, publisher = {Iranian Fisheries Research Organization}, url = {http://jifro.ir/article-1-2492-en.html}, eprint = {http://jifro.ir/article-1-2492-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences}, issn = {1562-2916}, eissn = {}, year = {2020} } @article{ author = {MazaheriKouhanestani, Z. and Ghorbani, R. and Fujiwara, M. and Rabbaniha, M. and Amini, K. and Mahmoodi, S.}, title = {Identification of larval stages of fish in southeastern coastal waters of the Caspian Sea- Golestan Province}, abstract ={This study was carried out to develop a practical guide to identify species of fish larvae in the coastal waters of the Caspian Sea-Golestan Province. A total of 18 sample sites in the Caspian Sea and 6 sampling sites in the Gorgan Bay were sampled monthly from March to September 2015. The findings showed most of the fish larvae belonged to the postflexion and transitional stages. Some morphological and meristic characteristics of fish larvae were measured. Fish larvae were represented by 5 genera including: Atherina caspia (Eichwald, 1838), Rutilus caspicus (Jakowlew 1870), Rutilus kutum (Kamensky, 1901), Cyprinus carpio (Linnaeus, 1758), Chelon saliens (Risso, 1810), Chelon aurata (Risso, 1810) and Gambusia holbrooki (Girard, 1859). The results showed C. carpio, R. caspicus, and R. kutum were separated based on the pigment patterns on their body. While R. caspicus and R. kutum were discerned by the number of pre-anal myomers. Chelon sp. could be differentiated by a different pigment pattern, as well as some morphometric characters including eye diameter, body depth, and head length. Additionally, identifying characteristics for A. caspia and G. holbrooki are described. The results of this study revealed that in contrast to the current perception, the analysis of the morphometric variations of Chelon sp., Rutilus sp., and C. carpio fry could be used for their identification.}, Keywords = {Fish larvae, Morphometric and meristic, Coastal water, Caspian Sea}, volume = {19}, Number = {1}, pages = {325-339}, publisher = {Iranian Fisheries Research Organization}, url = {http://jifro.ir/article-1-2971-en.html}, eprint = {http://jifro.ir/article-1-2971-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences}, issn = {1562-2916}, eissn = {}, year = {2020} } @article{ author = {Fourooghifard, H. and Matinfar, A. and RoohaniGhadikolaee, K. and Moezzi, M. and Abdolalian, E. and Zahedi, M. and TamadoniJahromi, S.}, title = {Effect of salinity, light intensity and tank size on larval survival rate of shoemaker rabbitfish Siganus sutor (Valenciennes, 1835)}, abstract ={The hatching rate and larval survival of shoemaker rabbit fish Siganus sutor at different environmental conditions were surveyed in 2014. Adult and sub adult fishes were captured from coastal waters of Lavan Island, Hormozgan Province, Iran and were transported to Persian Gulf and Oman Sea Ecological Research Center, and reared until reproduction season. Induced spawning took place using HCG hormone (500 IU kg-1 body weight), during April – May when the environmental temperature was reached around 26-28 oC. Eggs were stocked at a density of 25 Eggs L-1 in different tank size (40, 300 and 2400 L, tanks) to determine the effects of tank size on eggs,  hatching rate  and survival of fish larvae. Three  salinities (25, 30 and 37 ppt), and three light intensity (10000, 5000, and 2000 lux) were examined  in 300L tanks and survival rates of larvae were assessed on days 3, 5, 7, 10, 15 and 20 of culturing period. There was no significant difference between hatching rate of S. sutor eggs, in various hatching tanks (p>0.05), but survival rates of larvae was significantly higher in 300 Land 2400 L tanks (p<0.05), the survival rate of S. sutor larvae was significantly higher in 30 ppt salinity than the others (p<0.05). There was no any significant difference between survival rate of larvae in salinity 25 and 37 ppt (p>0.05). The survival rate of larvae was significantly higher in 2000 lux intensity of light (p<0.05), under intense light (5000 and 10000 lux), the mortality of larvae was increased.}, Keywords = {Rabbitfish, Salinity, Light intensity, Survival rate, Hatching rate, Siganus sutor, Persian Gulf}, volume = {19}, Number = {1}, pages = {340-351}, publisher = {Iranian Fisheries Research Organization}, url = {http://jifro.ir/article-1-1561-en.html}, eprint = {http://jifro.ir/article-1-1561-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences}, issn = {1562-2916}, eissn = {}, year = {2020} } @article{ author = {Lim, B.J. and Han, S.R. and Choi, I.C. and Yoon, J.H. and Lee, J.J. and Cheon, S.U. and Cho, K.}, title = {Evaluation of physico-chemical parameters regulating zooplankton community structure in the Geum River, Korea}, abstract ={The aim of the present study was to examine the dynamics of zooplankton community structure in the midstream of the Geum River, South Korea. The sampling was performed bi-monthly at five stations. During the study period, the most dominant taxa was Rotifera, comprising 73.3% of the total abundance, followed by Protozoa (17.3%), Cladocera (5.4%), and Copepoda (4.0%). The correlation coefficients between selected physico-chemical parameters and zooplankton abundance showed that the generation of zooplankton in the study area was highly correlated with water temperature (WT), chlorophyll a concentration, and pH values. As the river flows downstream (from GC and MC stations to SW, GW, and BW stations), zooplankton abundance was augmented, influenced by the levels of total phosphorus (TP), and total nitrogen (TN), while total organic carbon (TOC) decreased, and pH values increased. Furthermore, the values of WT, TN, TP, and TOC were higher and zooplankton abundance was lower at the GC station than at other stations. The results suggested that the dynamics of zooplankton community in the midstream of the Geum River was influenced not only by physico-chemical factors but also by the inflow from the upper streams.  }, Keywords = {Relationship, Physico-chemical parameter, Abundance, Zooplankton community}, volume = {19}, Number = {1}, pages = {352-371}, publisher = {Iranian Fisheries Research Organization}, url = {http://jifro.ir/article-1-2745-en.html}, eprint = {http://jifro.ir/article-1-2745-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences}, issn = {1562-2916}, eissn = {}, year = {2020} } @article{ author = {Malik, A. and Abbas, G. and AliMuhammad, A. and AliShah, S.S. and Jarwar, A. and HussainShah, S.B. and Memon, A.J. and Rehman, K.}, title = {Influence of salinity on growth increment, feed conversion and body composition of common carp, Cyprinus carpio (Linnaeus, 1758) fingerlings in the captivity}, abstract ={Present study was conduct to observe the effect of salinity levels (5‰, 10‰, 15‰, 20‰ and 25‰) on growth increment, feed conversion and body composition of Common carp, Cyprinus carpio (mean body weight 5±0.01 g) were examined. Fingerlings were randomly distributed into the glass tanks (60×30×45 cm each). 10 fish per tank with two replications. Fish were fed with floating pelleted feed having 35% protein with 3% body day-1 for 60 days. Results shows that the growth increment reared on 5‰ - 15‰ salinity were significantly highest in term of weight gain, WG % of initial weight, daily weight gain, specific growth rate, condition factor and survival rate than those reared on 20‰ and 25‰ salinity, feed conversion ratio were found similar in all levels which is not significantly different (p>0.05) in all levels. Whole body composition i.e. crude protein (14.62 –15.48), moisture (77.11 –77.81), crude fat (3.52–3.61), ash (3.66–3.71) contents of fish whole body were not significantly (p>0.05) different in various salinity levels. Mean values of water quality were found acceptable for common carp i.e. temperature 28.08± 0.13°C, dissolved oxygen 7.4± 0.07 mg L-1, pH 7.7±0.01 and ammonia 0.023±0.004 mg L-1. Relationship between Log body weight and log total length of the present study shows that fingerlings reared on 5‰ -15‰ was significantly (p<0.05) higher than 20‰ and 25‰ salinity levels. Histology of gills shows normal appearance of gill filaments and gill lamellae up to 15‰ salinity. Present results prove that Common carp can be reared up to 15 ‰ salinity to get good growth and higher survival rate.}, Keywords = {Common carp, Cyprinus carpio, Growth, Feed conversion, Salinity}, volume = {19}, Number = {1}, pages = {372-385}, publisher = {Iranian Fisheries Research Organization}, url = {http://jifro.ir/article-1-2802-en.html}, eprint = {http://jifro.ir/article-1-2802-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences}, issn = {1562-2916}, eissn = {}, year = {2020} } @article{ author = {Amirnejad, H. and Ahmadzade, A.S. and EsfanjariKenari, R.}, title = {A comparative advantage analysis of fishing sector and its impact on Iran’s economic development}, abstract ={The purpose of this study is to evaluate the value added of comparative advantage for fishing sector and its impact on economic development of different provinces in Iran between 2000-2014.  At first, the comparative advantage of any province of country was calculated. Then, the effects of fishing comparative advantage on economic development were studied using the generalized Solow model. The model study is based on empirical analysis such as panel unit root tests, panel co-integration test panel and it’s estimation of long-term relationships to help least-squares estimators modified (FMOLS). The results showed provinces of Hormozgan, Sistan and Baluchestan, Tehran, Guilan, Golestan and Mazandaran always had the comparative advantage during the study period. Also there was a co-integration long run relationship between variables that showed the value added of comparative advantage for fishing had a significant negative effect on economic development. So for every unit, increasing in comparative advantage of this sector, the economic development decreased 0.033%. This could be due to more important role other economic sectors than fishing sector on the economic development of the provinces and the lack of expertise of comparative advantage in fishing sector. Finally, suggestions were presented such as investment priority in the provinces where they have comparative advantage in the fishing sector and investigate the problems in the provinces that comparative advantage of them has decreased over time.}, Keywords = {The fishing sector, Economic development, Symmetrical revealed comparative advantage, Panel Co-integration, FMOLS}, volume = {19}, Number = {1}, pages = {386-400}, publisher = {Iranian Fisheries Research Organization}, url = {http://jifro.ir/article-1-2757-en.html}, eprint = {http://jifro.ir/article-1-2757-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences}, issn = {1562-2916}, eissn = {}, year = {2020} } @article{ author = {Akbary, P. and Sohrabzaei, Z. and Aminikhoei, Z.}, title = {Role of dietary inclusion of Gracillaria arcuata extract on growth performance and biochemical responses in grey mullet, Mugil cephalus (Linnaeus, 1758)}, abstract ={The present paper aims to examine the effects of dietary incorporation of Gracillaria arcuata extract (GE) on growth conduct and some blood biochemical parameters (Cholesterol (CHO), triglyceride (TG), total protein (TP) and glucose (GLU)) of the grey mullet, Mugil cephalus. Four experimental regimens were considered by including GE at the concentration of 0, 5, 10 and 15 mg kg−1diet (GE0, GE5, GE10 and GE15 respectively). Each regimen was allocated randomly to three identical groups of fish (n=10 in each tank) with an introductory average weight of roughly 14.95g. Upon a 60 day feeding trial, fish fed with GE10 and GE15 diet had a considerable (p<0.05) final weight increase (FW), food intake (VFI), weight gain (WG), protein efficiency ratio (PER), lipid efficiency ratio (LER) and specific growth rate (SGR) compared with control group. While, there were no significant difference in FW, WG and LER among fish fed with GE5 diet and fish fed GE0 diet (p>0.05). No considerable difference, in terms of survival rate, was not shown between all of experimental treatments (p>0.05). The highest level of serum total protein was seen in fish on the GE15 diet (p<0.05). Fish fed GE10 and GE15 diets had lower Glucose, triglyceride and cholesterol concentrations than did fish fed GE0 and GE5 diet (p<0.05). The outcomes implied that dietary inclusion of G. arcuata extract caused positive influences on growth performance, feed utilization and biochemical responses in M. cephalus.}, Keywords = {Gracillaria arcuata, Grey mullet, Biochemical responses, Growth performance}, volume = {19}, Number = {1}, pages = {401-409}, publisher = {Iranian Fisheries Research Organization}, url = {http://jifro.ir/article-1-2766-en.html}, eprint = {http://jifro.ir/article-1-2766-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences}, issn = {1562-2916}, eissn = {}, year = {2020} } @article{ author = {Mostolizadeh, S. and Moradi, Y. and Mortazavi, M.S. and Motallebi, A.A. and Ghaeni, M.}, title = {Effects of incorporation Spirulina platensis (Gomont, 1892) powder in wheat flour on chemical, microbial and sensory properties of pasta}, abstract ={Spirulina platensis a blue-green microalgae with unique nutrient content and numerous nutritional and therapeutic effects are employed in enrichment of various food products. Information about fortified pasta with S. platensis microalgae is very low. S. platensis microalgae powder at a level (% W/W), 0.0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75 and 1 %, was added in pasta formulation. Protein, iron, microbial and sensory properties of product were analyzed. Microbiological testing of the samples, was conducted according to the national standard methods. Sensory evaluation was conducted by 60 panelists using hedonic method. The results showed that different levels of microalgae S. platensis powder had a significant effects on chemical parameters of pasta (p<0.05). Also interaction of microalgae powder on microbial features of pasta was not significant (p>0.05). Sensory evaluation test indicated greater acceptability of pasta fortified with microalgae S. platensis powder at a concentration of 0.25%, as compared to the control sample. With the addition of 0.25% of S. platensis microalgae powder to pasta formulation, while reaching enriched product, nutritional value and sensory characteristics of pasta heals and a functional food will be available to the community.}, Keywords = {Pasta, Sensory evaluation, Enrichment, Microalgae, Spirulina platensis}, volume = {19}, Number = {1}, pages = {410-420}, publisher = {Iranian Fisheries Research Organization}, url = {http://jifro.ir/article-1-2692-en.html}, eprint = {http://jifro.ir/article-1-2692-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences}, issn = {1562-2916}, eissn = {}, year = {2020} } @article{ author = {Łuczyńska, J. and Tońska, E. and Paszczyk, B. and Łuczyński, M.J.}, title = {The relationship between biotic factors and the content of chosen heavy metals (Zn, Fe, Cu and Mn) in six wild freshwater fish species collected from two lakes (Łańskie and Pluszne) located in northeastern Poland}, abstract ={The effect of biotic factors such as species, condition factor, body weight and total length of fish on concentrations of iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu) and manganese (Mn) in organs of Rutilus rutilus (L.), Abramis brama (L.), Coregonus lavaretus (L.), Esox lucius (L.), Perca fluviatilis (L.) and Tinca tinca (L.) from reservoirs of Warmia and Mazury region (northeastern Poland) were determined. Differences in the content of metals were observed between species (p≤0.05). Some metals demonstrated specific affinity for particular tissues. Lower concentrations of metals were found in muscles and ranged as follows: Zn 3.427-9.950, Fe 1.297-2.550, Cu 0.133-0.279 and Mn 0.050-0.162 (expressed mg kg-1 wet weight). The highest levels of Fe (33.49-123.6) and Cu (3.994-27.14) (except for copper in perch) found in the liver (p≤0.05) was related to detoxification, whereas high concentrations of Mn (1.366-5.113) and Zn (15.91-135.0) (except for Zn in tench) in gills may be associated with excretion processes or uptake (p≤0.05). The two organs (gills and liver) may be used as bioindicators of metal contamination of aquatic environments. Studies on the size and condition factor dependency of heavy metal concentrations have showed that, although the relationship exists, in most cases it was not statistically significant for organs. Metal Pollution Index (MPI) in organs of fish examined was 1.503<MPI<3.575. The daily per capita consumption of 34 g of fish examined showed 0.317-0.624% of Fe, 1.174-3.408% of Zn, 0.455-0.955% of Cu and 0.085-0.278% of Mn of the RDA reference dose.}, Keywords = {Heavy metals, Freshwater fish, Condition factor, Body weight, Total length, Mazurian Lake District}, volume = {19}, Number = {1}, pages = {421-442}, publisher = {Iranian Fisheries Research Organization}, url = {http://jifro.ir/article-1-2657-en.html}, eprint = {http://jifro.ir/article-1-2657-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences}, issn = {1562-2916}, eissn = {}, year = {2020} } @article{ author = {Rezaei, M. and MashinchianMoradi, A. and Mortazavi, P. and Jamili, Sh.}, title = {Effects of chronic exposure to carbamazepine on hematological parameters in Cyprinus carpio}, abstract ={Tests on pysicochemical parameters in the recent years have confirmed the existence of drug residues and their metabolites in different parts of aquatic environments the permanent release of which has led to micro-persistent pollution. The drugs are designed in a way to be chemically stable, resistant to degradation and to survive by using their biological effects on the organisms. In the present research study, toxicity and the effect of carbamazepine on Cyprinus carpio was examined using blood responses. Thus, the effects of three different concentrations of carbamazepine (1.25, 2.5 and 5 mg L-1) on the changes of blood factors such as red blood cell (RBC), hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (Hct), mean cellular volume (MCV), mean cellular hemoglobin (MCH), mean cellular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), white blood cell (WBC), lymphocyte (Lymph), neutrophil (Neut) and monocyte (Mono) were studied on blood samples collected on days 7, 14 and 21 after exposure to the drug. The results showed that RBC, WBC and lymph counts were reduced in fishes treated with carbamazepine (CBZ). In contrast, the value of Hb, Hct, MCV, MCH, Neut and Mono were increased after exposure to carbamazepine. No significant difference was observed in the MCHC levels in all concentrations. Changes in hematological parameters can act as a biomarker in testing the toxicity of CBZ in aquatic environments. However, detailed studies regarding the application of special biomarkers for assessing human drugs is required.}, Keywords = {Carbamazepine, Hematological parameters, Cyprinus carpio}, volume = {19}, Number = {1}, pages = {443-456}, publisher = {Iranian Fisheries Research Organization}, url = {http://jifro.ir/article-1-2637-en.html}, eprint = {http://jifro.ir/article-1-2637-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences}, issn = {1562-2916}, eissn = {}, year = {2020} } @article{ author = {Savari, Sh. and Safahieh, A. and Archangi, B. and Savari, A. and Abdi, R.}, title = {The histopathological effect of methylmercury on the brain in orange spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides) in Zangi Creek and laboratory}, abstract ={Histopathological studies reflect the overall health of a community in an ecosystem and can be used as a biomarker of pollutants, distinguishing the presence and amount of the pollutant within the organism as well as assessing the risks the organism is facing. These studies can also provide a range for the pollutant concentration to indicate healthy and polluted environments. In order to assess the defects brought by industrial pollutants the histopathological defects of Methylmercury (MeHg) were studied. Methylmercury, is the organic derivative of mercury, possessing more dangerous and harmful effects than mercury. Methylmerucry is highly hydrophobic and due to its lipophilicity, it penetrates through the blood brain barrier and targets the brain more than the other tissues. Therefore the effect of MeHg on Epinephelus coioides brain in the laboratory and in Zangi Creek were studied. Fish were adapted to the tanks and exposed to 10, 20, 40 and 80 µg L-1 of methylmercury chloride in the Fisheries Center of Zangi Creek.  The brains were collected on days 7, 14 and 30 of exposure and the depuration studies were performed for 7 and 14 days. The brains were dissected and sectioned for haemotoxylin and eosin staining and monitored under a microscope. The defects pertained hyperanemia and hemorrhage, karyolysis and necrosis, nuclear dust, endothelium hypertrophy, hydropic degeneration, vacuolation, cloudy swelling and edema. These defects were seen in different parts of the brain such as olfactory bulb, cereberum, optic lobe, cerebellum, diencephalon and medulla. The most defected part of the brain in response to MeHg seems to be the cerebellum. Depuration studies were performed for 7 and 14 days and mainly showed edema, cloudy swelling and hydropic degeneration in most parts (no rescue of phenotype seen). Fish were studied both in exposure to MeHg and preyed from field to compare the defects and assess the health and safety of the creek. The Histopathological Alteration Index (HAI) was assessed to show the amount of defects brought by the pollutant and revealed severe and irreversible defects in higher concentrations of exposure. Zangi Creek's HAI fell between the control group and the lowest MeHg concentration and is still considered as a safe site below the threat range.}, Keywords = {Histopathology, Methylmercury, Epinephelus coioides, Brain, Zangi Creek.}, volume = {19}, Number = {1}, pages = {457-470}, publisher = {Iranian Fisheries Research Organization}, url = {http://jifro.ir/article-1-1658-en.html}, eprint = {http://jifro.ir/article-1-1658-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences}, issn = {1562-2916}, eissn = {}, year = {2020} } @article{ author = {MirzaEsmaeili, F. and Mortazavi, M.S. and Arjomandi, R. and Lahijanian, A.}, title = {A study on red tide risk and basic understanding of fishermen and residents in Bandar Abbas, Hormozgan Province, Iran (Persian Gulf)}, abstract ={Harmful algal bloom can be regarded as a persistence environmental problem in the Persian Gulf. This region has experienced many problematic human and social issues, economic damages, and environmental problems caused by red tides. However, no coherent study has been devoted to shed light on perceptions of red tide risks in the Persian Gulf. In response to the mentioned gap, the present study aimed to investigate residents and fishermen perceptions of red tide risks in Bandar Abbas. To meet the mentioned objective, a total of 247 and 145 subjects filled out structured questionnaires in two coastal parks and Bandar Abbas Fishermen, respectively. The obtained results indicated that the demographic factors along with experience and human health issues of red tides affected subjects’ risk perception. This study also revealed that fishermens and residents intensify the risk of red tides, such as seafood consumption, occurrence of red tides and their progress towards coast. Negative media coverage, limited information, and lack of any support of fishermen by government are some of the factors affecting individuals’ reaction and concerns towards red tide.}, Keywords = {Halo effect, Harmful algal bloom, Hormozgan, Red tide, Risk perception}, volume = {19}, Number = {1}, pages = {471-487}, publisher = {Iranian Fisheries Research Organization}, url = {http://jifro.ir/article-1-2855-en.html}, eprint = {http://jifro.ir/article-1-2855-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences}, issn = {1562-2916}, eissn = {}, year = {2020} } @article{ author = {Gun, A. and Dorucu, M.}, title = {Short communication: A study of endohelminthes in some fish species caught between Kumlutarla-Gemici regions of Karakaya Dam Lake}, abstract ={In this study, 5 fish species caught from Kumlutarla, Tabanbükü and Gemici region of Karakaya Dam Lake were examined. A total of 595 fish; 200 Alburnus mossulensis, 117 Chondrostoma regium, 103 Capoeta trutta, 98 Capoeta umbla and 79 Acanthobrama marmid were used as study materied. In terms of endohelminthes. Three parasite species were found in 405 fish host Diplostomum sp. Metacercaria (Trematoda) was found in the eyes of. Alburnus mossulensis, Chondrostoma regium, Capoeta trutta, Capoeta umbla and Acanthobrama marmid. Neoechinorhynchus rutili (Acanthocephala) was found in abdominal cavity of Capoeta trutta. Khawia sinensis (Cestoda) was found in the intestine of Alburnus mossulensis and Acanthobrama marmid.}, Keywords = {Karakaya Dam Lake, Kumlutarla, Tabanbükü, Gemici, Fish, Parasite, Endohelminthes.}, volume = {19}, Number = {1}, pages = {488-495}, publisher = {Iranian Fisheries Research Organization}, url = {http://jifro.ir/article-1-2561-en.html}, eprint = {http://jifro.ir/article-1-2561-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences}, issn = {1562-2916}, eissn = {}, year = {2020} } @article{ author = {Khanipour, A.A. and Noori, A. and Amini, M. and Kamrani, E.}, title = {Short communication: Length-weight relationship and Fulton’s condition factor of Macrobrachium nipponense (De Haan, 1849) in Anzali lagoon of Iran}, abstract ={The Length-Weight Relationship (LWR) and condition factors (CF) of 10441 the oriental river prawn Macrobrachium nipponense collected from Anzali lagoon from March to December 2015 were studied. Length, weight and other external features of all specimens were measured. The Total length and body weight of M. nipponense ranged from 12.3-97 mm and 0.1-11.7 g respectively. A strong positive relationship was observed between the shrimp length and weight in both sexes (r= 0.95). There were significant differences in the condition factors of males and females (p < 0.05). The lowest CF value was observed in station 1 (CF= 1.28 ± 0.04) and the highest in station 2 (CF= 1.38 ± 0.34). In this study the regression coefficient (b) was lower than 3.0 for females and 3 for males, and combined sexes which was reflecting allometric growth of the M. nipponense.}, Keywords = {Length-weight relationship (LWR), Condition factor (CF), Macrobrachium nipponense, Anzali lagoon.}, volume = {19}, Number = {1}, pages = {496-500}, publisher = {Iranian Fisheries Research Organization}, url = {http://jifro.ir/article-1-2699-en.html}, eprint = {http://jifro.ir/article-1-2699-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences}, issn = {1562-2916}, eissn = {}, year = {2020} } @article{ author = {Siddiqui, U. and Shah, R.H. and Amrita, R. and Tudu, K. and Kumar, S. and Bisht, H.C.S. and Pandey, N.N.}, title = {Short communication: Comparative study of Hematological variation in healthy and fungal infected Kalabans, Bangana dero (Hamilton, 1822)}, abstract ={An attempt has been done to explore the hematological variation in healthy and saprolegnia infected minor carp, Bangana dero. Hematological parameters i.e total erythrocyte count (TEC), total leukocyte count (TLC), hemoglobin (Hb), packed cell volume (PCV), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) were examined in healthy and infected fish of wild and cultured stock. Except TLC, which significantly increased in the infected fish, all parameters decreased in response to infection in wild as well as cultured stock. Decreases in Hb, TEC were significant, indicating that saprolegniosis causes anemia and immunosuppression. Wild stock also has non significant slightly higher values of blood indices except the TLC, showed better health and immunity of wild stock over the cultured stock. The values and trend of the examined parameters are indicators of mycosis in fish and would be used as tool for diagnosis of fungal infected fish.    }, Keywords = {Infected, Mycosis, Wild stock, Cultured stock, Healthy.}, volume = {19}, Number = {1}, pages = {501-509}, publisher = {Iranian Fisheries Research Organization}, url = {http://jifro.ir/article-1-2883-en.html}, eprint = {http://jifro.ir/article-1-2883-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences}, issn = {1562-2916}, eissn = {}, year = {2020} } @article{ author = {SadoughNiri, A. and Kamrani, E. and Khanipour, A.A. and Madsen, N. and Sourinejad, I.}, title = {Short communication: Determining gill-net selectivity for longtail tuna (Thunnus tonggol Bleeker, 1851) using artisanal fishery data in the Iranian waters of the Oman Sea}, abstract ={Using the catch data obtained from local fisheries fleet, length frequency, length-weight relationship and multifilament drift gillnet selectivity of longtail tuna were determined in Iranian waters of the Oman Sea (Chabahar), Iran. Multifilament drift gillnets with 100, 110, 130 and 165 mm stretched mesh size were utilized in fishing operations. For each species, fork length, total weight, head girth and maximum girth were measured. A total of 477 specimen were collected ranging from 32 to 90 cm fork length and mean length was recorded to be 55.15±0.61 cm. Head girth-fork length and maximum girth-length relationship were obtained as: Gh = 0.5379 FL + 0.4955 and Gmax = 0.5879 FL + 0.5095, respectively. All girth-length regressions were found to be linear. Using Sechin method, optimal catch size of 100, 110, 130 and 165 gillnet mesh sizes were determined as: 35, 38, 46 and 57 cm, respectively. Moreover, selection coefficient (K) was calculated 0.285 (100 mm mesh size), 0.289 (110 mm mesh size), 0.282 (130 mm mesh size) and 0.289 (165 mm mesh size) for longtail tuna gillnets. In this study, the selectivity curves were the shape of normal distribution and narrow.  }, Keywords = {Gillnet selectivity, Longtail tuna, Thunnus tonggol, Chabahar, Oman Sea}, volume = {19}, Number = {1}, pages = {510-517}, publisher = {Iranian Fisheries Research Organization}, url = {http://jifro.ir/article-1-2921-en.html}, eprint = {http://jifro.ir/article-1-2921-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences}, issn = {1562-2916}, eissn = {}, year = {2020} } @article{ author = {Yılmaz, Ö. and Barlas, M.}, title = {Short communication: Studying on relationship between carapace width and habitat properties of Tufted ghost crab (Ocypode cursor) living on Iztuzu beach–Turkey}, abstract ={Current  study  was  carried  out  between  May  2014  and  May  2015  on  İztuzu  Beach  (Mugla,  Turkey).  Carapace  width,  the  depth  they  were  caught  in  their  burrows  and  distance  of  their  burrows  from  the  sea  parameters  of  244  Ocypode  cursor  individuals  were  recorded.  A  hypothesis  derived  from  the  observations  during  the  fieldworks  was  tested  statistically  based  on  the  data.  According  to  the  hypothesis  of  study,  caught  crabs  with  larger  carapace  widths  (>  20  mm)  intent  to  escape  from  their  burrows  while  they  are  still  close  to  the  sand  surface  during  the  digging  activity of researcher.  But  smaller ghost  crabs  (<  20  mm)  shows  tendency  to  hide  in  the  deeper  portions  of  their  burrows.  Statistical  analysis  showed  that  there  is  a  negative  correlation  between  caught  depth  and  carapace  width,  and  gender  factor  has  an  important  role  in  this  hypothesis  (r  =  -0.69  for  females  and  r  =  -0.70  for  males;  p  <  0.05).  It  was  found  that  distance  of  burrows  from  the  sea  had  no  effect  on  the  behavior  model.  Caught  depth  parameter  was  collected  first  time  by  this  study  for  the  ocypodid  crabs.}, Keywords = {İztuzu Beach, Ocypode cursor, Carapace width, Caught depth, Behavior model.}, volume = {19}, Number = {1}, pages = {518-524}, publisher = {Iranian Fisheries Research Organization}, url = {http://jifro.ir/article-1-2476-en.html}, eprint = {http://jifro.ir/article-1-2476-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences}, issn = {1562-2916}, eissn = {}, year = {2020} }