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Stock assessment of Otolithes ruber was carried out using Virtual Population Analysis (VPA) method in the coastal waters of Northwest area of the Persian Gulf. Catch and length frequency data during 2002-2012 were converted to age frequency. The maximum of stock number and biomass were observed in age group 1 and 2, respectively. The minimum stock number and biomass were observed for age group 6. The maximum and minimum catch numbers were in age groups 2 and 6, respectively. The maximum and minimum of weight were in age group 3 and 1, respectively. The maximum and minimum of instantaneous fishing mortality were in age groups 4 and 1, respectively. The maximum fishing mortality was estimated in 2010-2011 and minimum value was in 2002-2003 and 2008-2009. During 2011-2012 the stock number and biomass were estimated 29558 (*10³) specimens, 7302 tones and the catch number and weight were calculated 7562 (*10³), 2364 tones and fishing mortality was obtained 0.47 per year. The calculated parameters showed over-exploitation in age-groups 3 and 4. To preserve stocks and to guarantee sustainable exploitation, the prevention of increasing fishing efforts and the control of fishing activities are crucial.