The chromosomal spread and karyotype of Anjak (Schizocypris altidorsalis) from Hamoun Lake were determined using tissue squashing techniques with an injection of 1 mL/100 g body weight of 0.01% colchicines solution. Kidney and gill epithelia tissues were removed and used for karyotype analysis. The analysis of 145 chromosome spreads revealed the diploid chromosome number of this fish, 2n=48 and a fundamental arm number (FN) =88. The diploid complements comprised 12 metacentric pairs, 8 submetacentric pairs, 1 subtelocentric pair and 3 telocentric pairs (12m+8Sm+1St+3t). Total length of the haploid complement equaled 44µm with a range in the length of the shortest and longest chromosome between 0.76-2.78µm. The arm ratio and the centromeric index ranged between l.00- and 0-50 respectively. This is the first report on the chromosome number and karyotype of S. altidorsalis from the Hamoun Lake in Iran.